Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Skin cancer is one of the commonest forms of cancer, currently accounting for around one-third of all cancers annually, and the incidence is rapidly increasing. Fortunately, effective treatments are available and the risks of mortality…

Facial deformities may occur due to congenital abnormalities or as a result of trauma or disease, and most have their origin in the bony structures of the face, but can also affect the soft tissue…

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is one of the most complex in the human body and has a unique range of movement. This is made possible by the articular disc, which lies between the two main…

For patients with missing teeth, dental implants offer an effective replacement, and the results of the procedure are generally very predictable and successful. Despite this, some dental implants do fail, at a rate of around…

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a rare but serious adverse reaction seen in patients administered one of several drugs used to treat skeletal conditions (1-3). It is most commonly associated with bisphosphonate (BP), which…

Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the jaws is a well-known complication of radiation therapy to the head and neck. ORN is defined as an area of exposed necrotic bone in an area previously irradiated that fails to…

Facial trauma can be a major cause of morbidity, particularly in young adults. This is because the head and neck region contains the major sensory and functional organs. A major component of the morbidity is…

It is well established that oral cavity cancer, commonly squamous cell carcinomas, develops in a two-step process involving molecular and biochemical cellular alterations. This pathological evolution can be associated with clinical changes of the affected…

The salivary glands, which are divided into the major and minor glands, are extremely important structures. The major glands comprise the parotid, submandibular and sublingual glands. These contain acinar cells, which are chiefly responsible for…

Cancer of the oral cavity is the most common malignancy of the head and neck (1). The disease occurs more frequently in men (2–4), although the current male-to-female ratio of 2:1 appears to be decreasing…